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As Nigeria marks the final day of 2025, health authorities are on high alert for the release of the final year-end Lassa Fever epidemiological report, following a significant surge in infections during the month of December.
Data from the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (NCDC) as of Week 50 confirms that the country has already recorded 195 deaths, with the Case Fatality Rate (CFR) hovering at a concerning 18.2%.
The “awaiting update” for the final two weeks of the year is expected to show the results of the survey.
Experts warn that the 195 confirmed fatalities already represent a significant burden compared to previous years, largely driven by late clinical presentations in hotspots like Ondo, Bauchi, and Edo states.
The NCDC’s latest situational update indicates that 2025 saw a high geographic spread of the virus, with 21 states recording at least one confirmed case. “The spike we are seeing as we close the year is characteristic of the dry season,” an official from the NCDC’s Emergency Operations Centre (EOC) noted. “The multimammate rat population is highly active this month, and we are awaiting the final Week 51 and 52 numbers to determine the total impact of the 2025 outbreak.”
Of particular concern to the medical community is the vulnerability of health workers.
As of the most recent data, 23 healthcare workers have been infected in 2025, prompting the Federal Ministry of Health to reiterate the importance of standard precautions in all health facilities during the New Year transition.
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Ahead of tonight’s New Year’s Eve celebrations, the NCDC has pushed out an emergency festive advisory. The agency urges Nigerians to treat any persistent fever tonight as a potential Lassa Fever case rather than assuming it is common malaria.
With the 2026 “outbreak cycle” officially beginning tomorrow, January 1, the government has already pre-positioned Ribavirin and other medical supplies in high-burden states to manage the anticipated surge in January.
As the nation awaits the final official tally for 2025, public health advocates are calling for increased environmental sanitation. “The data we have now is a warning,” says Dr. Ifeanyi Okereke, a public health analyst.
“While we wait for the final numbers to be reconciled today, the current death toll of 195 is already a call to action for every Nigerian to protect their food and homes from rodent contact.”
