Education Minister Proposes 12-Year Basic Education System

By Achimi Muktar

In a bold move that could reshape Nigeria’s education landscape, Minister of Education, Dr. Tunji Alausa, has proposed scrapping the current 9-3-4 system in favor of a new 12-4 model. If approved, this would extend basic education to 12 years, ensuring uninterrupted learning before students transition to higher education.

Speaking at the 2025 Extraordinary National Council of Education meeting in Abuja, Alausa explained that the transition is necessary to align Nigeria’s education system with global standards and improve student outcomes.

“A 12-year basic education model will ensure a continuous, uninterrupted curriculum, promoting better standardization and fostering quality assurance in the education system,” he said.

Nigeria currently operates a 9-3-4 education system, which includes nine years of basic education (primary and junior secondary), three years of senior secondary education, and four years of tertiary education.

However, the minister argues that this structure has drawbacks, including gaps in learning continuity, limited standardization, and barriers to tertiary education.

“We must acknowledge that while the 9-3-4 system has its merits, it also creates hurdles for students who have to work to further their education. This reform will eliminate these challenges and provide a more comprehensive learning experience,” Alausa stated.

The proposed 12-4 system would extend basic education to 12 years, ensuring all students complete senior secondary school before transitioning to higher education or vocational training.

Additionally, Alausa revealed plans to convert all Federal Science and Technical Colleges into Federal Technical Colleges, strengthening vocational and technical education in Nigeria.

“Technical education is crucial for addressing the current skills gap in the labor market. It provides practical and applied skills that will empower our youth and boost national development,” he explained.

Beyond the structural reforms, the Minister also announced a review of the minimum age for university admission.

“Currently, exceptionally gifted students who finish secondary school at 16 are being forced to wait until they turn 18 before entering university. This not only delays their progress but also affects their mental health and potential contributions to society,” Alausa said.

Under the proposed changes, students who excel academically may be allowed to enter university earlier, preventing unnecessary delays in their education and career progression.

The proposals will be debated by policymakers and stakeholders before implementation. However, if adopted, they could radically change how Nigerian students progress through the education system—offering a longer, more structured basic education while making university admission more flexible.

While some educators and parents may welcome these changes, others may question the feasibility of implementing such reforms in a country struggling with infrastructure deficits, teacher shortages, and funding issues.

The big question now is: Will these reforms truly transform Nigeria’s education system, or will they become another policy that never sees full implementation? Only time will tell.